ZK-Rollup

A ZK-Rollup, short for Zero-Knowledge Rollup, is a Layer 2 scaling solution for blockchains like Ethereum that increases transaction throughput and reduces gas fees by executing transactions off-chain and then bundling hundreds of these transactions into a single, cryptographically-proven batch that is submitted back to the main chain. This mechanism uses Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs), specifically validity proofs, to instantly and verifiably confirm the correctness of the off-chain state transition without revealing the underlying transaction data, thereby inheriting the security of the Layer 1 chain.